China Shenzhen Olax Technology CO.,Ltd Company News

Reference Signal in 5G network is an important part of wireless communication system, which can provide basic information for effective and reliable wireless communication, and also play an important role in channel estimation, beamforming and overall system synchronization; it helps to realize the high performance promised by 5G technology.   1. Reference signals in 5G are known signals sent by the base station (gNodeB) that serve as reference points for the user equipment (UE) to detect and interpret the received signals. These signals are intended to aid in all aspects of wireless communication, including channel estimation, beamforming, and synchronization.   2.Types of Reference Signals 5G networks use different types of reference signals, each with a specific purpose. Common types include:   *Cell Specific Reference Signals (CRS): These signals are broadcast by the gNodeB and provide information about overall channel conditions and system configuration.   *UE Specific Reference Signals (URS): These signals are designed for specific UEs and help to estimate channel conditions for individual devices.   3.Reference Signals Time-Frequency Domain:Reference signals are distributed in the frequency and time domains. In the frequency domain they are assigned to specific blocks of resources, while in the time domain they are associated with specific time slots within subframes.   4.Cell Search and Initial Synchronization During the initial connection setup, the UE performs cell search and synchronization using reference signals. The presence of a well-defined reference signal helps the UE to identify the gNodeB and synchronize its time and frequency parameters with the network.   5.Channel Estimation Reference signals are critical for accurate channel estimation.The UE uses these signals to evaluate the characteristics of the wireless channel, including its fading, attenuation, and other impairments. This information is essential for optimizing the transmission and reception of data.   6.Beamforming and MIMO:Advanced techniques such as beamforming and MIMO are used in 5G(NR) to enhance the communication performance. Reference signals play a key role in these techniques by helping to accurately align the beam and optimize the use of multiple antennas to improve signal quality.   7.UE Measurement and Reporting:The UE continuously measures the quality of the reference signal and reports this information to the gNodeB. The network uses these measurements for purposes such as switching decisions, resource allocation, and interference management.   8.Dynamic Adaptation:The reference signal supports dynamic adaptation to changing channel conditions. As the wireless environment evolves, the network can adjust transmission parameters such as reference signal power and configuration to maintain optimal performance.   9.To mitigate frequency-conducting pollution: in the case of multiple cells deployed in close proximity, interference caused by reference signals from neighboring cells may lead to frequency-conducting pollution. Sophisticated algorithms and techniques are used to mitigate this interference and improve overall network performance.   10.Digital system and beam management:Reference signals are closely related to the digital system of a 5G system, which defines parameters such as subcarrier spacing and time slot duration. The correct configuration of the reference signal helps to achieve effective beam management and support multiple use cases for 5G.   11.MassMIMO and millimeter waves:Reference signals for MassMIMO implementation in 5G are critical because gNodeB uses a large number of antennas. They are also essential in millimeter-wave (mmWave) deployments, where channel characteristics are affected by factors such as beam directionality and blocking.   12.Synchronization Signals:Reference signals are used to transmit synchronization signals that help the UE synchronize its timing and frequency parameters with the gNodeB; proper synchronization is essential to avoid interference and ensure reliable communications.   13.Dynamic allocation and resource management: Dynamic allocation of reference signals based on network conditions is a key feature of 5G. The network can intelligently manage the resources dedicated to the reference signal to optimize overall system performance.   14.Control and data channels: Reference signals play a role in both control and data channels. They are critical for accurate demodulation of control information and help improve the reliability of data transmission.     Reference signals in 5G(NR) are essential for efficiency, reliability and performance of wireless communications. They contribute to initial cell search, synchronization, channel estimation, beamforming, and a variety of other tasks necessary to provide high-quality connectivity and meet the diverse requirements of 5G use cases.  

In 5G (NR) networks RB (Resource Block- Resource Block) and PRB (Physical Resource Block- Physical Resource Block) are both resource allocation units on the radio interface; they are essential for efficient data transmission and reception, and play a key role in realizing the high data rates, low latency, and flexibility that 5G promises, with their respective characteristics and uses are as follows;   I. RB (Resource Block) in 5G (NR) its represents the unit of frequency and time resources that can be allocated to a user or service, and is also the basic building block for resource allocation in the time-frequency domain, where.   Frequency and time division:RBs are organized in both the frequency and time domains; RBs are continuous blocks of spectrum in the frequency domain, and RBs represent continuous time slots within a subframe in the time domain.   Size and Configuration:The RB size in the frequency domain is determined by the system bandwidth; typically 1 RB in a 5G(NR) system usually corresponds to 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, while the number of allocations in the time domain depends on the time slot and subframe configuration.   Flexibility and Adaptability:RBs are flexible in terms of resource allocation, allowing network operators to adapt the allocation to the specific requirements of users, applications and network conditions. This adaptability is essential to achieve efficient spectrum utilization.   Downlink and uplink RB: In the downlink, the base station (gNodeB) allocates RBs to users (UEs) for data transmission; in the uplink, UEs transmit data to the gNodeB based on the allocated RBs.   Orthogonality:RBs are designed to be orthogonal so that interference is minimized when assigning RBs to different users or services. This orthogonality improves the overall spectral efficiency of the system.   MIMO and beamfitting: RBs play a critical role in supporting advanced technologies such as MIMO and beamfitting. The allocation of RBs can be optimized to take advantage of spatial diversity and enhance the overall performance of the wireless link.   II.PRB (Physical Resource Block) is a specific instance of a resource block in the physical layer of a wireless communication system; it refers to the actual set of subcarriers and time slots allocated for data transmission.   Subcarrier and Symbol Allocation:The PRB consists of a set of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and represents a set of consecutive symbols or time slots in the time domain.The allocation of subcarriers and symbols within the PRB is determined by the system configuration and modulation scheme.   Mapping to the Physical Layer:The PRB is the entity that physically maps to the wireless signals transmitted over the air.The information carried by the PRB includes user data and control information required to manage the communication link.   Modulation and Coding:Subcarrier assignment within the PRB allows for the simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams using techniques such as QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation). Modulation and coding schemes can be adapted to the channel conditions and specific characteristics of the PRB.   Dynamic Resource Allocation:PRBs support dynamic resource allocation, allowing the system to adapt to changing channel conditions and different data rate requirements. This adaptability is essential to achieve high spectral efficiency and to meet the diverse needs of different services.   Channel quality feedback: The channel quality associated with a particular PRB is continuously monitored. the UE provides channel quality feedback to the gNodeB, allowing dynamic adjustment of resource allocation to maintain reliable communications.   Scheduling and authorization: The scheduling and authorization of PRBs is a core function in the 5G system. gNodeB schedules PRBs to be allocated to UEs based on factors such as channel conditions, QoS (Quality of Service) requirements, and priority.   TDD and FDD operation:PRBs can be adapted to both time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) modes of operation. This flexibility enables 5G networks to operate efficiently in a variety of deployment scenarios.   Digits and timeslot configuration:The concept of digits in 5G refers to the combination of subcarrier spacing and timeslot duration. Different numbers are defined to accommodate different use cases.PRB allocation is closely related to the number and timeslot configurations, affecting the granularity of resource allocation.   Beam Management and Mobility:PRBs play a role in beam management and mobility management strategies. Beamforming and tracking of mobile users involves dynamic adaptation of PRB allocations to optimize the communication link.   Link Adaptation and Efficiency:PRBs support link adaptation techniques in which modulation and coding schemes are dynamically adapted to channel conditions. This adaptation helps to improve the efficiency and reliability of data transmission.   RB (Resource Blocks) and PRB (Physical Resource Blocks) as the basic units of 5G (NR) wireless networks provide the basis for dynamic allocation of resources in the time and frequency domains.RB provide flexibility, adaptability, and orthogonality, whereas PRB denote the physical entities that carry the user's data and control information through the air interface.Effective management of RB and PRB is essential to achieve the high-performance goals of 5G (high data rates, low latency, and efficient spectrum utilization). latency and efficient spectrum utilization).    

The bandwidth of a carrier in wireless communications is the range of frequencies allocated for wireless signal transmission, and the wireless carrier bandwidth plays a crucial role in determining the data rate, capacity, and overall performance of a communication system.5G(NR) networks can operate in a variety of frequency bands, each of which has its own characteristics, and the carrier bandwidth can vary depending on the frequency used. range; the key and detailed information of 5G(NR) carrier bandwidth are as follows respectively; 1. Frequency bands:5G(NR) networks operate in the Sub 6GHz to mmWave (millimeter wave) frequency band range. Each band is associated with specific characteristics and the bandwidth of the carrier depends on the portion of spectrum allocated. 2.Sub6GHz:The Sub 6GHz band is characterized by relatively low frequencies compared to the mmWave band.Sub 6GHz carriers typically provide wider coverage and better obstacle penetration; bandwidths are typically in the range of tens to hundreds of MHz. 3. mmWave (millimeter wave) band: This band contains higher frequencies and is capable of transmitting large amounts of data over shorter distances. mmWave band carriers provide significantly wider bandwidths, ranging from a few hundred megahertz to a few gigahertz. 4.Carrier Aggregation (CA): This is a technology that combines multiple carriers to achieve higher data rates and increase network capacity; the total bandwidth available to the endpoint (UE) is the sum of the bandwidths of the aggregated carriers.   5. Wideband and Ultrawideband Carriers:In some deployments, especially in the mmWave band, carriers with ultrawide bandwidth can be used to support very high data rates. These ultra-wideband carriers can extend into the gigahertz range, enabling the provision of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services. 6.Channel Bandwidth Configuration:5G(NR) supports a variety of channel bandwidth configurations, allowing operators to allocate different amounts of spectrum to individual carriers. Common channel bandwidths include 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, 40MHz, 50MHz, 100MHz, etc., depending on the specific deployment scenario and available spectrum. 7.Capacity and Data Rate:The bandwidth of a 5G(NR) carrier directly affects the network's ability to handle simultaneous connections and the data rate that can be realized per connection. Wider bandwidth typically supports higher data rates and higher network capacity. 8.Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS):This is a technology that allows for the simultaneous operation of 4G LTE and 5G NR in the same frequency band. The bandwidth allocated to 5G(NR) carriers in a DSS deployment can be dynamically adjusted based on network requirements and coexistence with 4G services. 9.Network Planning and Optimization:Network operators carefully plan and optimize carrier bandwidth allocation to ensure efficient use of available spectrum resources, minimize interference and meet the specific requirements of different deployment scenarios and use cases.   10.Regulatory Considerations:5G(NR) operators' band allocations and available bandwidth are subject to regulatory decisions by government agencies. Regulators determine spectrum allocation, licensing and utilization policies to ensure fair and efficient use of the radio spectrum. Operators' radio bandwidth in 5G(NR) is a key parameter that affects the performance, capacity and data rates of 5G networks, which varies according to the frequency bands used, channel bandwidth configurations, and deployment scenarios, and plays a key role in delivering a wide range of services and applications supported by 5G technology.    

    Nowadays, in the field of information Communication is everywhere A universe of stars Networking devices come in all shapes and sizes Whether wired or wireless Behind the scenes lies a mysterious and important rule It's called network protocol. Wherever you can communicate without plugging in. Without plugging in a wire, it's all about wireless protocols.   Mainstream wireless communication protocols The birth of wireless communication protocols can be traced back to the end of the 19th century, and with the development of radio technology, wireless communication protocols were gradually formed and developed. Wireless communication protocols can be categorized into three types, i.e. long distance, medium distance and short distance. As the name suggests, the difference between the three is the distance covered. Long range is measured in miles, while medium range is measured in tens to hundreds of feet, and short range is usually defined as distances less than 10 feet apart. Some of the more popular wireless communication protocols are Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, LoRa and MQTT.    Wi-Fi has become a ubiquitous technology in today's world and is the preferred method of Internet access for more and more users, and has gradually replaced wired access. Wi-Fi is now available at home, in the office, in restaurants and even on high speed trains, and has entered the fast lane with Wi-Fi 7. Wi-Fi 7 enhances WLAN performance in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands to provide higher data throughput and support deterministic latency. ▲Selected Wi-Fi operating bands and transmission rate references   Frequency bands and channels In Wi-Fi, what do we often refer to as a frequency band (Band)?   A Wi-Fi band refers to a specific frequency range of radio waves that is allocated for wireless communication. Different wireless communication technologies use different frequency bands to avoid interference with each other.   The most common WiFi bands include 2.4GHz and 5GHz.   2.4GHz The 2.4G operating band ranges from 2400~2483.5MHz, each channel occupies about 20M, dividing 2.4G into 13 channels.     The 2.4G operating band is mainly based on IEEE 802.11b and other technical standards, and the supported modes include 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11b/g, 802.11b/g/n/ax, with a bandwidth support of 20MH and 40MHz, and the operating band is 2.4GHz.   5GHz The 5G operating band range is 5150MHz~5825MHz, and the larger band range allows it to have 13 (of which 100~140 channels are not available domestically) non-overlapping channels.   The 5G operating band is mainly based on the IEEE 802.11ac technology standard, and the supported modes include 802.11a, 802.11a/n/ac, 802.11a/n/ac/ax, with bandwidths of 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz and 160MHz, and an operating band of 5GHz.   6GHz If we compare the spectrum to the oxygen of the communications industry, then 6GHz is the “less cultivated and extremely clean” pure oxygen. 6GHz refers to the frequency range of 5925 MHz to 7125 MHz this spectrum, the bandwidth of 1.2G. The higher the frequency, the faster the speed. 6GHz combines the advantages of low-frequency coverage and high-frequency capacity, and can “reject” more interference.   The higher the frequency, the faster the speed. 6GHz combines the advantages of low-frequency coverage and high-frequency capacity, and can “reject” more interference.     We can loosely understand the frequency band as a highway between two places, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, 6 GHz is a different road, each has a different working channel. It's like a car on a highway and a subway on an underground track, each with its own characteristics.         The frequency band specifies the frequency range in which the wireless communication system operates. In practice, the transmission of data does not necessarily require the entire frequency band, and at the same time, in order to avoid competition between many devices, the concept of channel bandwidth is generated. That is, in the fixed frequency band, a number of different channel bandwidth can be flexibly allocated.   That is, the channel is further divided on the basis of the frequency band.   Why don't we have more channels?   First of all, the more channels, then the width of each channel is very narrow, the probability of conflict between terminals in the channel becomes greater, if you want to avoid or reduce the conflict, then you need to spend more time to monitor the conflict, and if there is a problem, you need to retransmit the packet, so the speed is certainly not up.   What else do you have to add about Wi-Fi bands and channels, welcome to interact with us~!    

NEW ARRIVAL PRODUCT OLAX Mini WiFi Router Unlock 3g 4g 5g Network modem Hotspot Wireless lte CAT7 WiFi Router with Sim Card Slot Chipset M676X Package Weight about 148g Support 10 users Battery Capacity 4000mAh SIM 1 NANO SIM Type C usb 1.5A Charge IN Wi-Fi WIFI:802.11 b/g/b/n/AC; 2.4G,300Mbps 5.8G.866Mbps Memory 8GByte EMMC+512MByte DDR3 Custom MOQ 3000pcs for routers The price fluctuates according to different designs/logos craft、 ect. You direct buy Sample all is OLAX‘s or Blank Sample (IN STOCK ITEM ). Just let you know our quality of routers, for more information pls contact with us before order directly. Design sample （custom band、 material、 color， battery capacity and other）

  Dear customers,   The Dragon Boat Festival is coming, our shop will be closed from 6.9-6.10 for 2 days. Thank you for your support and attention to our store all the time, please understand the inconvenience!   Warm reminder: Need to prepare goods, please place an order in advance, during the holiday only orders do not deliver oh! Rest, is to better start, we wish you a happy Dragon Boat Festival!  

  NEW ARRIVAL DUAL BAND CAT 6 CPE ROUTER     Model：MC80 HIGH PERFORMANCE FEATURES   ● 4G LTE up to 300Mbps(downlink) 50Mbps (uplink)   ● SHARE 4G LTE connection with up to 32 Wifi devices   ● 1200Mbps wireless with up to 300Mbps   ● EXTERNAL ANTENNAS improve Wifi and 4G LTE reception         Chipset: ASR1828 + RTL8192FR + RTL8812FR + RTL8367RB + Si32185   CPU frequency: Dual-Core 1.5Hz(ARM Cortex-A7 + ARM Cortex-R5)   Support Band: FDD: B1/B3/B5/B7/B8/B20/B28/B32                          TDD:  B38/B40/B41/B42/B43 (optional)                          WCDMA:  B1/B5/B8     Standard 802.11a/b/g/n/ac 11N: 2.4~2.4835GHz 11AC: 5.150~5.825GHZ Korea、Japan、ETSI、FCC channels can be selected Modulation schemes OFDM = BPSK,QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM 256-QAMc DSSS = DBPSK, DQPSK, CCK Transfer Rate HT20: up to 144 Mbps   HT40: up to 300 Mbps VHT80: up to 867Mbps              

Unlimited access and easy traveling With OLAX MF650 Carry-on WiFi, you can enjoy high-speed Internet connection anytime, anywhere. Whether you're on the go, on a business trip or spending time with friends, the MF650 provides you with a stable and reliable Internet connection so you don't have to worry about signal problems.   Ultra-fast 5G Connection, Extreme Speed With 5G technology, OLAX MF650 enables you to enjoy an extremely fast internet experience. You can feel a significant speed increase in downloading, uploading and streaming media playback, making your online life more efficient and convenient.   Multi-Device Connection and Interconnection Sharing The MF650 supports up to 10 devices to connect at the same time, so you can share the network with your family, friends or coworkers, so everyone can enjoy a fast Internet connection. Now you can share beautiful moments with friends and family on the go or collaborate with your team without any obstacles.   Long battery life and worry-free operation The MF650 has an excellent battery life of up to 10 hours or more, so you don't have to recharge it as often, which is even more worry-free. Whether you're on an outdoor adventure, business meeting or long-distance trip, you can rely on the MF650's stable battery life to keep your network running smoothly.   Portable and Lightweight, Carry it with You The OLAX MF650 features a lightweight and portable design that is only the size of a palm. You can slip it into your pocket or backpack, making it easy to carry wherever you go. This makes the MF650 an ideal companion when you are traveling, at work or for leisure.   What's more, to ensure your peace of mind, we offer fast worldwide delivery and a one-year warranty.  

Stable Signal, Fast Connection The OLAX MC50 dual-band antenna 2.4G/5G can provide you with strong signal coverage, ensuring you a fast and stable connection to the Internet in any environment. Whether it's for home office, video conferencing or online entertainment, MC50 can bring you a smooth internet experience.   High-speed Transmission, Smooth Experience With the dual-band technology, MC50 can support higher data transmission speeds, making your Internet experience smoother. Whether you are downloading large files, watching HD videos or playing online games, MC50 can provide you with excellent performance, so you can enjoy the Internet world without any obstacles.   Optimized Coverage, Enhanced Signal Equipped with dual-band antennas, MC50 can effectively enhance the transmission range and strength of WiFi signals. Whether you are at home, in the office or in a public place, MC50 provides a wider coverage to ensure that you can receive a stable signal in every corner.   Simple Setup, Easy to Get Started MC50 has a simple and easy-to-use setup interface, plug and play, no need for complicated installation steps. You just need to connect MC50 to your router or computer, follow the simple guidelines to set up, and you can quickly enjoy a stable Internet connection.   High Quality Material, Long Lasting Durability MC50 is made of high quality materials and undergoes strict quality control to ensure the quality and durability of the product. Whether it is used for a long time or in a variety of environments, MC50 can always maintain excellent performance and reliability.   Meanwhile, we offer fast worldwide delivery service and a one-year warranty to ensure your shopping experience is hassle-free.      

OLAX AX9Pro Hotspot WiFi Router supports the following frequency band： 1/3/5/7/8/20/28ab/38/40/41 Brand: OLAX Material: All products are made with new materials and chips Shipping Time: Delivery within 3 days for in-stock, 28-35 working days for customized products Guarantee: support one year warranty Appearance color: Black Quality issues: support online after-sales guidance, if necessary, remote computer to check Battery capacity: With 4000mah battery-Black without battery-White Performance: cat4, 150mbps, WiFi up to 300mbps, support 32 users. More standby capacity for anytime, anywhere to get internet connection Support 32 users at the same time, cell phones, tablets and laptops, enjoy high-speed 4G network anytime, anywhere